InNo+Part+2+Russian+Revolution+October+21st+2010


 * AWESOME**
 * [[image:vladimir_lenin.jpg caption="Vladimir Ilych LENIN, leader of teh Belsheviks he exiled from russia many times, he came back many times too. He organized the second revolution and played a imporant role throughout the Russian revolution "]] [[image:flowcharrttt_jerry.png caption="A detailed flow chart about the March Revolution. The most important points are recorded and organized by dates. this shows what led to what. "]]


 * ** Chapter 7 ** **
 * ** Russia AT War 1914-1917 ** **
 * Russia went to war august 1914. **
 * News pspread fast, very popular. **
 * St Petersburg was renamed because it sounded too much like a german name. renamed it Petrograd. **
 * ** Early Defeats ** **
 * Two Russian armies attacked germany end of august 1914 **
 * Russian army badly let 2 against one, and was also badlly equipeded. **
 * Nearly 1 million were without rifles many didn’t have boots either. **
 * ** Tannenberg and Masurian Lakes ** both Russian armies were wieped out. **
 * Ver 250000 killed woulded or taken prisoner. After a year Russia lost almost 1 million men. **
 * ** The collapse of the Economy ** **
 * War continued in 195, economy collapsed. **
 * Lack of workers, 15.5 million men taken into army. Hlfed the number needed to work in factories. **
 * 1915 600 facotries closed down, not enough workers **
 * weeds grew in empty fields. **
 * Trasnport was another problem, biggest country in the world **
 * Eeded railway. For food and raw materials. **
 * Not enough trains to bring supplies. **
 * Thousands of tones of butter meat and grain rotted in railway. **
 * Coal supplies to factories and power station stopped **
 * Power failed, factories closed down. **
 * ** Inflation ** **
 * Russian money (rouble) lost its value in 1914. **
 * Food prices shot up, their wages buying less food. **
 * End of 1915 300,000 russians had been killed, 3 million either wounded or locked up. **
 * ** Dark Forces destroying the throne ** **
 * August 1950 tsar Nicholas decided to take personal command of his amries. **
 * Left potrograd and lived at army head quarters. **
 * Big mistake Alexandra in charge of government in Petrograd, complete influence of Rasputin. **
 * Next sixteen months did what she liked. Fired ministers who she disliked and replaced them with people they favored. **
 * Russia had 4 different prime ministers, 5 ministers of the interior, four ministers of agriculture 3 ministers of war and 2 ministers of foreign affairs. **


 * The rate of the ministers switching, work stopped. **
 * Food and fuel ammo were short supplied, but now they became unobtainable. **
 * Russians won some important victories in 1916 death toll went over 1 million. **


 * IN Petrograd rumours about Alexandra and Rasputin flew around. **
 * Alexandra german, put two together to explain Russians defeats. **
 * Caliming thatthey are german agents, working to destroy Russian from within. **
 * One person said dark forces destroying the throne in the duma. **
 * December 196 three nobles decided to destroy dark forces, murdered Rasputin. **
 * When people knew about rasputins death, public rejoicing **
 * 1917 blizzards, -35 degree extereme temperature. **
 * Railway engines froze, burst their boilers. **
 * No more supplies, people huddles freezing in their homes. **

** The revolution of Marth 1917 **


 * During March 1917 conditions got even worse. Capital Petrograd turned into full cale revolution. Over threw tsar **
 * ** Wednesday March 7th ** **
 * Putilov steel works manager locked out 20,000 workers, after pay ta;ls broke down. **
 * 20,000 angry tough workers on streets for trouble. Other factories wen to strike t support the steel workers. **
 * ** Thursday march 8th ** **
 * 50 factoires closed down, 90,000 owrkers went on strike. **
 * International Womens day, thousands of socialist women on the streets. **
 * The only thing on their mind was bread. **
 * ** Friday March 9th ** **
 * ** 200 ****， **** 000 workers on strike, instead of going to work they held meetings. Began processiosn towards the centre. ** **
 * ** Crowds of people went from place to place. ** **
 * Saturday March 10th **
 * 250,000 workers on strike. No public transport, newspaper. **
 * Food shortage. **
 * Troops opened fire in the nevsky prospect. Most shot s were empty. **
 * Cossacks refused to attack a procession o f strikers hwen ordered to do so. **
 * ** Sunday March 11th ** **
 * Prsident od the Duma, Michawl Rodzianko sent telegraph to tsar. **
 * Terious situation, capital in state of anarchy, gov. paralysed, trasport died, fuel and food supplies disorganized. **
 * ** Monday March 12th ** **
 * 6 o clock mutiny began, Volinsky regment **
 * sergant shot ommanding officers, then marched to the centre of petrograd. People who were sent to fight the mutiny, defected. **
 * Later in the day duma held a meeting despite having orders not to do so. 12 men committee. **Provisional Committee** to take over the government. **
 * Revolutionaries set up a Soviet, council, of workers and soldiers in Petrograd. **
 * ** Tuesday march 13th ** **
 * Tsar Nicholas telegram to dumasaying he would share power with them, Michael rodzianko said that it was too late. **
 * ** Wednesday March 14th ** **
 * Leading amry genrals sent telegrams to Nicholas telling him that he had no support, he tried to return to Petograd to take control of the situation **
 * ** Thursday March 15th ** **
 * Nicholas 250 km away form Petrograd, revolutionaries stoped his train, agreed to abdicate and give throne to alexis. **
 * Alexis too ill then gave throne to brother ichael. **
 * Grand duke Michael, scared that he would be unpopular, within 24 hours, abdicated. **
 * Russia became republic, government not by a monarch but by an elected leader. **
 * Which body should be elected to govern Russia? Duma’s Provision committee or Petrgrad soviet **

**The provisional Governemnt**


 * **The two new goernments** **
 * Russias new ogvernemtn, 12 man committee, dua set up on March 12th **
 * Govern Russia for a short time until eletions could be held. **


 * **Petrograd Soviet** consists of workers and soldiers deputies. Elected by wrokirking people and soldiers. **
 * Other soviets formed in towns, took lead from the Petrograd Soviet. Wtheir decisions were imitated by the other soviets. Lots of power **


 * **Order No.1** – petrgrad soviet first action, issue order to the armed forces. Sailors soldiers set up committee, take controle of all arms ammunition and equipment. Offduty osoldiers solut their officers to address the ma as Mister colonel or mister general. **
 * **Obeyed in all parts of army**. 2500 deputies in the Petrograd soviet were revolutionaries, SR and mehsheviks, some bolsheviks **


 * **Lenin and the april theses** **
 * March Revolution the leader of Bolsheviks, Lenin, exiled inswitzerland. **
 * Disagreed with revolutionaries copperating with provision government. **
 * Wanted to start second revolution. **
 * Petrograd 200km away, between germany and austral. Enemies of the great war . **


 * Germans didn’t want to help Lenin get back. Make trouble for provisional government which would help germany in the war, provided Lenin with good, money and special train which crossed germany safely. **


 * Lenin arrived Petrograd on april 16th 1917. **
 * He made a speech to the Bolsheviks upon his arrival. **
 * end to war with germnay, all land must be given to the peasants, banks nationalized, Bolsheviks change their name to commusts. **
 * No support given to the provision government. **
 * All power to the soviets **
 * **April theses** **
 * Surprise to Bolsheviks, telling them to strt second revolution, but time wasn’t right yet. **
 * June 1917, attacked austral, turned into retreat,. **
 * Many went ot Petrograd joined up with Bolsheviks to demand an aend to provisional government. **
 * More than 100,000 soldiers and Bolsheviks roamed streets hsouting ;”all power to the soviets” **
 * Three day riot, **July Days**, Alexander Kerensky, minister of war, sent loyal troops. Broke up mobs, kill or wounded 400 of them. Kerensky claimed Bolsheviks was paid by germans to cause trouble., and Lenin was german agent, he issued an order of his arrest. Lenin fled to finland. **
 * **The kornilov Revolt** **
 * Krensky became prime minister of the provision government. **
 * Challenge of commander in chief of the armes. General Kornilov. **
 * Kornilov believed that Russia needed a strong man, like himself, to be in charge. **
 * Wanted to get rid of Petrograd soviet, . take control of provision government, so they could fight Germany. **
 * Kornilov had the best rebel troops.( Cossacks) to help defend petrogrd, Kerensky allowed the Bolsheviks to set up defense force **Red Guards**. 25,000 Bolsheviks armed with rifels and machine guns out on the streets. **
 * Bolsheviks came out of kornilov, revolted like heroes. Saved provisional government, got majority in elections for the Petrograd soviet in September. October 1917, Bolsheviks most powerful they ever been. Considered second revolution. Good chances. **

**The bolshivek revolution of Novembr 1917**


 * During spetmebr and ovtoebr 1917 kerensky and privisonal government lost their authority. Peasants rebelled soldiers refused to fight germans . Holshevik workers in the cities got ready for revolution **


 * **The state of Russian in septemebr 1917** **
 * Summer 1917 peasants take conrol of land which they grew food. **
 * Waiting since march for provisional government to give them land. Faield to do so . **
 * More than 200 farmers peasants killed landlords, divided the land among themselves. Other areas the land of the church and tsar were sized **


 * Kerensky tried to stop peasants form sizeing land **
 * Sned soldiers on punishment expeditions. **
 * Whipping pesants, burning homes couldn’t find enough loyal troops to do dirty work **


 * Violence still continued. **
 * Violence in cotunryside delayed harvest from farms. Food shortages, **
 * Now face of famine. **


 * Armies, dicipline was breaking down, Petrograd soiets order no.1 led soldiers disobey orders. **
 * Soldiers leaving amrmy, go back to their homes. Making sure they got their share fo land. **
 * Bolsheviks wanted solders to lay down weapons and give up on fighting. **


 * **November Revolution** **
 * Octoebr 1917 lenin returned. Bolshevik meeting he wanted revolution to begin. **
 * Stage armed uprising against provisional ogvernment. **
 * **Smolny INstitue**, where headquaters were held, a disused school. **
 * Bolsheviks had armies support, the guars of peter and paul fotress gave all weapons to them. **
 * November 6th red gurads armed, and ready to go. **
 * Took control of important locations took control of the six bridges. Morning of ovemebr 7th sizzed governemtn buildings, power station ad nrailway stations. **
 * **Winter Palace** was where headquaters were held for the provisional government. Guarded only by amry cadets and the womens battalion of the army. **
 * Night of novmebr 7th **Aurora,** crusier diriven up the river (neva) fired blank shells at white palace. **
 * Red guards stormed into winter palace, defence didn’t pull of a fight, provisional government surrendered. **
 * Bolsheviks in control of Petrograd ( capital city) **
 * Lenin setting up new government. **


 * Summary****
 * Russia was losing in the war, which made matters worse in russia. Food shortages, supplies couldnt get delievered, factories went out of buisness. Nicholas was dethorned by the Provision Government (12 people) who took over russia temporarily. Belsheviks had the redguars, stopping the revolt of kornilov, gained a lot of power then over threw the government and lenin took power.**


 * Questions**


 * 1.How did the war effect the people, econmy and the government?**
 * 2. Who was the provisional government? what does it consist of? purpose?**
 * 3. Why was Grand Duke Michael abdicated within 24 hours of throne?**
 * 4. Who led the Belsheviks and how did he get the 2nd revolution started.**
 * 5.When Lenin was exiled in Swizterland, how did he get back?**