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Revolution in France-Revolution and Terror

Awesome Stuff

This is really high resolution picture of an AWESOME guillotine! XD



This video is really good and interesting for covering the exact material we just read about: http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/18303-the-french-revolution-the-reign-of-terror-video.htm

Notes

War -began april 20, 1792 -france declares war with austria -french thought fight would be easy, but austria was well organized, beat off french easily -french blamed on traitors, called "austrian committee" -prussia joined austria in fight -they took extreme caution after this, 'The Fatherland is in Danger' was known across france -Louis disagreed with measures against priests, caused 20,000 angered breaking into palace shouting abuses -the Brunswick Manifesto put them in danger, all citizens had weapons to defend -this caused citizens to have power and get rid of monarchy and allow themselves to have power

Storming of Tuileries -August 10, 1792 -20,000 people attacked Louis, dethroned him -slaughtered 600 Swiss guards, overthrew place

The overthrow of the monarchy -monarchy ended after Louis lost power -he and his family imprisoned -France became a republic after dethroned Louis -Louis was accused of high treason, guilty, then beheaded

The sans culottes -sans culottes=people who overthrew king=working people of france -sans culottes were similar in thinking, united -they hated nobles -they hate monarchy, like republic, believed ordinary people deserved power -allowed right of weapons and caused many suspected austrian spies killed -this scared foreigners, their readiness for violence

The war spreads -Louis' execution scared many other nations -this caused them to join Austria in the war -austrians beat french in many battles

Inflation and shortages -food became a very high price -lots of money was printed and it was worth less and less -at the end, the money was worth less than half of what it was used to be

Rebellion -the government needed soldiers, ordered 300,000 men to join army -caused thousands of peasants to rebel -problems between Girondins and Jacobins -Jacobins blamed Girondins for price of food rising and lost of battles -sans culottes broke into convention, expel Girondins -revolting was occurring because of the downfall of Girondins

Reign of Terror -Committee of public safety was set up because of danger -12 members could do anything to keep safety -caused terror for opponents because of this power

Law of Suspects -people had to draw up lists with those who are suspected to oppose government -1/4 million were imprisoned and suspected... -half of these people were sentenced to death

The guillotine -faster and less painful death -17,000 killed with guillotine and Marie Antoinette for treason

Terror in provinces -Committee of public safety crushed countryside revolts -Vendee was when too many people for guillotine and had to use boats and drown them -Lyons was putting the prisoners in graveyards and using cannon fire to kill them

Terror in armies -everyone had to work for army -all unmarried men fought, married men made weapons, women built tents, nurses, children made bandages and gunpowder -at the end there were around 800,000 people in the army

Terror and the church -no more christianity -sans culottes destroyed all churches -new calender, year one was since republic state and 12 months a year, 10 days 3 weeks

Results of the Terror -1794, drove the enemies out of france and occupied austrian netherlands -no more famine but price of food still going up -all revolts crushed -40,000 were killed during the course -dictatorship was adopted

Coup of Thermidor -Committee was not popular afterwards because had too much power -afraid of executions, guilotine -no more fear since austrian left france in peace -price was lowering slowly -hundreds were set free

Summary

This is the rest of the terror during the French Revolution, this part is where most of the action happens. The guillotine was used to kill all the people who were accused of being spies for Austria during the war. Meaning the war was active, Austria had a lot of support from other nations because they thought the republic, the way France was governed was outrageous. The price of food went up rapidly and the Committee was unpopular due to the end of terror after defeating the Austrian and getting them out of France. However there was no need for fear because things were getting better, hundreds released from prison, price of food was lowering again.

Questions

Why did the government choose to execute so many people? Who's idea was it to go to war with Austria and lose so easily? What were the main reasons why the Republic banned Christianity and were those reasons even good enough?