The+Legacy+of+the+Revolutionary+Era+weiweil2013+09.16.10

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 * Traces of the Revolutionary Era:**
 * names that became famous during revolutionary era
 * Trafalgar Square, Madame Tussaud's, Waterloo, streets name after famous generals/battles
 * metric system
 * invented by revolutionaries in 1795
 * flags of countries of Europe
 * modelled on tricolour flag of revolutionaries of 1789
 * ideas about how to organise societies
 * liberalism and nationalism
 * **LIBERALISM**
 * Estates General -> National Assembly, 1789, wrote Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen
 * idea of giving people liberty/equality through constitution = important achievements of revolution
 * Napoleon conquered Europe, 1800s = constitutions introduced into states, spread throughout Europe
 * 1815: defeated Napoleon, old rulers of Europe got rid of constitutions
 * millions of Europeans became "liberals", wanted constitution with rights, ideas of liberty and equality
 * **NATIONALISM**
 * France = nation, not kingdom (not personal property of king, but union of people)
 * National Assembly = to speak for the people
 * tricolour flag to represent nation = red and blue for people, combined w/ white for the king
 * during Revolutionary wars: French set up new nations
 * Italians (Roman Republic), Poles (Grand Duchy of Warsaw), Germans (300 German rulers into 30 states)
 * Napoleon defeated 1815, meeting called to draw new map
 * map had nothing to do with people's nationality, people living under foreign rule
 * followed French's example in 1789: started revolutions to change way they were ruled
 * **REVOLUTION!**
 * liberalists+nationalists started revolutions (1820, 1830, 1848)
 * many revolutionaries = students, wanted nationalities to be separate with constitutions, country for people, not visa versa
 * 1830: revolutions broke out in 6 countries
 * Netherlands: Belgian rose against Dutch King William, King refused, Belgians drove Dutch out, declared Belgium independent
 * French magazine: Europe = volcano, last erupted in 1789, destroying castle, erupting again with lava of liberty and destroying kings/castles
 * Austrian Empire: Hungarians rose against Austrian authorities in Budapest
 * images of revolution: revolutions of 19th C borrowed images as well as ideas from French Revolution
 * "Liberty": image created in 1792, symbol of new Republic
 * young woman, holding club (killed monster of "despotism"), holding liberty cap (worn by freed Roman slaves, fashionable among sans culottes)
 * Marianne in pictures, statues, models, appeared again during revolutions of 1830
 * Statue of Liberty in New York Harbour
 * made appearances long after revolutions of 19th C were over (socialist newspaper, China in 1989)
 * legends and myths of revolution
 * Napoleonic legend
 * Napoleon dictated memoirs, built up account of life and ideas (great hero and matyr), published after death, created reputation
 * 1840: British government allowed body to be taken for re-burial in France
 * buried in Invalides church, transferred to massive tomb of precious stone, most famous tourist attraction
 * monuments built to honour his memory
 * 20 franc coins, brands of cigars and fine brandy, lullabies

The traces and features of the Revolutionary Era lasted well after the revolution was over; it was most prominent in the ideas that it left behind, most notably the ideas of nationalism and liberalism. Most of the European nations (and the USA, since they came from Europe) is based on the principles of the Revolution. The revolution also inspired several others in the 19th century, becoming known as the "volcano" of liberalism and revolutionary ideas.
 * Summary**

Why did people continue to worship Napoleon? Does this mean almost all Western ideology is based on the revolutionaries' ideas in France in the 18th century?!?!!
 * Question**