-InNo+Ho+Soo's+Notes+Section+1+03.03.11

=**Awesomeness**=

This is a picture of the German Air force attacking Denmark. They are now ready to bomb the cities of Denmark. The German air force was strong enough to scare the citizens in Denmark and soon, Germany took control of Denmark. This is a picture of the British pilots rushing to their air force. This is during the Battle of Britain. The soldiers are now ready to fight against the Germans. They were all well trained pilots. After all, they protect Britain from getting invaded by the Germans.



This is a chart I made and sated all the reasons why the British, Italian and the Germans wanted the Mediterranean. Soon all three countries struggle to own Mediterranean.

FROM LIGHTNING TO PHONEY WAR
 * Section 1 **

- Blitzkrieg is also known as ‘**lightning wa**r’. - Its goal was to crush an enemy’s defenses with a sudden, combined attack by aircraft, tanks and infantry. - The Germans bombed the Poles with Stuka dive-bombers. - By September, German forces had captured most of western Poland. - The Soviet army also invaded eastern Poland. - Poland then finally surrenders.
 * Blitzkrieg**

- Blitzkrieg meant that civilians as well as soldiers were involved in fighting.
 * The suffering of the Poles**

- A week before when Germany invaded Poland, Britain and France promised to defend against Poland. - Britain had a small **air force** and **army**. - France had a huge army but wasn’t ready to fight yet. - When Germany attacked Poland, Britain and France did nothing. - Both countries were prepared to fight Germany in Western Europe. - The French army was placed along the lines with Germany and Belgium. - In Britain, people moved shelter and **Air-raid** shelters were built. - British weren’t allowed to use lights during nights and had to bring gas masks wherever they go, just in case the Germans attack them with poison gas. - ‘Odd War’=French - **Phoney War**= British (For nine months, no fighting took place between Britain, France and Germany)
 * The ‘Phoney War’**

=Section 2= THE FALL OF WESTERN EUROPE

-The ‘Phoney War’ ended when the Germans invaded Norway in April 1940. -British put mines along the Norwegian coast so they can bomb rail and ships from northern Sweden to Germany. - German captured Narvik, Trondheim, Bergen. - Also capture Denmark for supply bases for invasion of Norway. - British army was sent to Norway, but got defeated. - They were poorly trained. - British blamed the Prime Minister, he was forced to resign. - **Winston Churchill** replaced him and quickly formed a National Government. - This is a coalition, which included members of the Conservative, Labor and Liberal parties.
 * Germany attacks Norway**

- Hitler aim was to crush France and make Britain surrender. - He now invades Western Europe. - **Operation Yellow** (code name) bean on 10 May 1940 - Defeats Holland and Belgium just in three weeks. - Germany attacks France through north-east. - British and French armies retreat to **Dunkirk** on the Channel coast. - **Seaborne rescue** operation, to save half a million soldiers who were trapped there by the German advance. - Finally 338,226 men were rescued. - Great defeat, Nearly 70,000 men were killed or injured or taken prisoner.
 * Germany attacks the West**

- Mussolini of Italy declared war on France and an Italian army invaded southern France. - The Germans now occupied all northern and eastern France. - The south was governed by Marshal Petain based in the town of **Vichy**.
 * The fall of France**

- Only Britain was still at war with Germany. - Britain rejected Hitler’s offer and kept fighting. - Over a million British men joined a volunteer defense force called the **Home Guard**. - Britain was willing the fight alone against Germany.
 * British alone**

=Section 3= BATTLE OVER BRITAIN

- Operation Sealion. Hitler ordering his generals to prepare a corss-Channel invasion of England. - **Luftwaffe**, The most vital part of the operation was given to the German air force. - Preventing the British Royal Air Force from sinking the invasion craft - Germany 3000 air crafts, Britain 600-700 air crafts. - Germany didn’t have enough fighters and lack of fuel (Away fighting) - Germany all out attack on RAF, this known as the **Battle of Britain**.
 * Operation Sealion**

- RAF didn’t have enough pilots. - Hitler’s aim to bomb London failed because of RAF. - Then Germany went over to night-time bombing. - Hitler cancelled the **Operation Sealion**.
 * The Battle of Britain**

- Germany kept bombing British cities and this is known as the ‘Blitz’. - Civilian defense organization formed **Air Raid Precautions**. - Air raid shelters were constructed. - No more lights at night. - This worked out very well.
 * The Blitz**

=Section 4= THE MEDITERRANEAN WAR

- Mussolini wanted to make the Mediterranean into and **Italian Lake**. - British needed the land for trading. - Germany agreed that the land is more important to Italy. - Three all wanted this land.
 * Importance of the Mediterranean**

- Italy without Germany's permission invades **Greece**. - Greece soon drove them back to Albania. - British then attack Italy. - Soon Royal Navy in command of the Mediterranean. - British helps Italy. - Yugoslavia refuses to participate, Germany then attacks. - Soon Yugoslavia surrenders - Greece then takes control of Greece. - All the Balkan states were now under **Axis control**.
 * War in the Balkans**

- British General attacked the Italian base. - British soon destroyed ten Italian army divisions. - O’ Connor helps defend Greece. - Rommel was able to counter attack. - For a year, the British remained on the defensive in North Africa. - Germany attacks the **Soviet Union**.
 * War in North Africa**

1. Why was the Mediterranean so important for the British, Italians, and the Germans? 2. Please explain the war in the Balkans. 3. Why did the British black out at night? 4. What is the 'Blitz' and why is it called the 'Blitz'? 5. What is the 'Phoney War'? And why is it called the Phoney War?
 * Questions**

Germany starts to take over almost all the countries in Europe. The four main countries involved in this war is Britain, France, Italy and Germany. Germany and Italy are allies and Britain and France are another allies. German captures Norway, Denmark and this fumes the British and French. Then the four countries goes to war. Germany keeps attacking the West and soon France gets defeated by the Germans. Britain is now all alone but refuses to surrender. Hitler tries man different tactics such as the Operation Sealion, Battle of Britain but fails to invade Britain. Then Italy, Germany and Britain face the Mediterranean war. Hitler wished to capture this place to drive the British out of their Mediterranean bases and control Britain's oil supplies in Iraq and Persia. Germany then attacks the USSR, Hitler struggling for world power.
 * Summary**