InNo+5+Sean2013+9.6.2010

Cool Stuff :)

War 1. April 20 1792 France declare war on Austria 2. French beat off because of good preparation by Austria 3. Loss blamed by traitors (Austrian Committee) who fed classified information to the Austrians 4. Great length to stop the threat, no loyalty = kick out of France 5. Fear increase when Prussia joined forces with France 6. Louis disagree and people criticized 7. Enemy commander Duke of Brunswick issued statement known as Brunswick Manifesto that if Louis was harmed in any way there would be severe punishment 8. Weapons given to all citizens to protect themselves

The storming of the Tuileries 1. People stormed Tuileries with help of the national guard 2. Swiss guard outnumbered and slaughtered

The overthrow of the monarchy 1. End of monarchy, Louis imprisoned 2. Convention as new law making body 3. Declare France republic, de-throne king 4. 2 months later beheaded for treason, 21 Jan 1793 in public.

The sans culottes 1. People who overthrow king called sans culottes made of working people 2. They hate nobles, never wore and spoke like them 3. Republicans, hate monarchy, power to the people 4. Everyone has equal rights, rights to vote 5. Right to carry weapon and use against opponents, Sep 1792 broke into prison and murdered who they thought were traitors 6. Horrified foreigners

The war spreads 1. Shocked Europe, fellow monarch outraged 2. 1793, Joined forces with Austria and Prussia, to destroy new France republic. 3. Wanted to fight the tyrants (kings), war with Britain, Holland, and Spain 4. Austrian beat french forces in battles in Netherlands 5. French commander, General Dumoriez abandoned and went to Austrian side, France on verge of defeat

Inflation and shortages 1. Needed to feed the war, more money printed 2. Money not worth much, 3. Farmers did not want to sell bread for notes that lost wealthy 4. Hungry san culottes robbed shops for foods they can't buy.

Rebellion 1. To defend France, ordered extra 300,000 men to defend the country 2. Unpopular, royalists and peasants rebelled 3. 2 groups in Convention: Girondins, led most of government and Jacobins supported by sans culottes 4. Jacobins blame Girondins for rise in food and defeats in wars 5. June 2, angry sans culottes expelled Girondins 6. Triggered rebellions who supported Girondins



The Reign of Terror 1. Faced with disaster, Convention set up emergency group called Committee of Public Safety 2. 12 members could do anything to save France 3. Used this to run France harshly and severe punishment called reign of terror

The Law of Suspects 1. Began with law of suspects in Sep 1793 2. Citizens needed to draw up people they thought opposed the government 3. Over a million people were suspected and put into prison. 4. More than half were death sentence

The guillotine 1. Beheaded with newly invented machine 2. Quicker and less painful 3. 17,000 suspects executed with guillotine during reign of terror

Terror in the provinces 1. Took strong measured to crush the revolts in countrysides, said the guillotine was too slow, and drowned boatloads 2. Also was shot by canons, many died.

Terror in the armies 1. August 1793, Convention ordered 'Mass Levy' which means everyone has to take effort in war 2. Unmarried men fight, married make guns, women make tents and serve at hospital, children make gunpowder and bandages 3. French army 800,000 strict discipline, generals who did not win replaced by young officers,

Economic Terror 1. Law of Maximum in 1793, to stop rise in food prices 2. The price of forty goods, stay as fixed prices, same as people's wages 3. Breaking maximum will be death



Terror and the Church 1. Terror led to disapearance of Christianity, taken as superstition 2. sans culottes stole from churches and Cult of Reason taken over based on revolutionary ideas such as liberty 3. New calender based on when Republic was formed

Results of the Terror 1. Committee of Public Safety saved France from collapse 2. Mid 1794, French drove intruders out of France and took over Austrian Netherlands 3. Avoided famine, and crushed all revolts 4. Costly, many people died, rights and freedom became limited, prices rising 5. kind of twelve man dictatorship

The coup of Thermidor 1. Summer of 1794, Committee very unpopular 2. Deputies thought they had too much power 3. Fear from gullitone 4. No need fear since France winning 5. sans culotte wages held down by maximum law while prices still rose

Summary France went to war with Austria but lost because they were better prepared. Enemy offered statement to protect Louis so everyone in France got weapons to protect themselves. Instead they used it and killed the king. There were sans culottes, people who overthrown the king. The monarch countries team up against France, inflation run high to pay for the army. There became rebellion between two parties. France falling apart with those disasters, Convention makes a Committee of Public Safety. Who ever is suspected gets killed, created guillotine for faster killing. Crushed revolts in the countryside, made everyone join the army and help in the army, army size increase. Food prices shoot up, Law of Maximum, limit prices. Christianity banned taken over by Cult of Reason. Committee became very unpopular, drove enemy countries away, revolts crushed, famine avoided prices still rising. Deputies think they have too much power, twelve man dictatorship.

Question Didn't the rebels outnumber the Committee of Public Safety? Can't it be overthrown? Was the Convention as unpopular as the monarch? Why was there no rebellion after the reign of terror?