World+War+2+page+32+notes

Page 32 Revision Guide

The Problem with the Balkans
 * Rivalry between the two Alliances became worst because of the Balkan Problem.
 * Russia wants land from Turkey in the Balkans so that the Russian's could have sea-ports on the Mediterranean.
 * Austria-Hungary wanted control of the rebellious Slav people in the Balkans because they fear that the rebellion would spread to Austria-Hungary and tear apart the government.
 * Germany wanted to build a railway that goes through Berlin and Baghdad that goes through the Balkans.
 * italy wanted the Balkan land on the other side of the Adriatic sea.

1908, Balkan problem becomes worst
 * The Young Turk revolution in Turkey caused chaos in the Balkans and Bulgaria broke away from Turkish control and declared independence.
 * Austria-Hungary seized Turkish provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina during the chaos caused by the revolution.

The Balkan Wars
 * Four kings (Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece) declared war on Turkey after forming the Balkan League.
 * The first Balkan war lasted 50 days with Turkey beaten and her Balkan land was divided up among the four different countries and this also created Albania.
 * The second Balkan War was caused by Bulgaria trying to attain more land. This caused the others to attack Bulgaria and it was beaten and as left resentful and wanting revenge against Serbia.

The Sarajevo Murders In June 1914 three Bosnian students were send by the Black Hand to kill Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austrian throne, in the Bosnian city of Sarajevo. The death of Ferdinand and his wife caused Austria-Hungary to want to take over the Balkans. On July 23rd the Austrian government sent an ultimatum to Serbia but when they refused, the Austrian army attacked Serbia.

War In Serbia causes World War 1
 * July 28th - Serbia asked Russia to help.
 * July 29th - Tsar Nicholas agreed to help Serbia.
 * July 30th - Germany sent an ultimatum to Russia demanding them to stop the mobilization of their army. Russia refused and Germany declared war on Russia and this caused the French to mobilize their army.
 * August 2nd - Using the Shlieffan Plan, Germany attacked France by invading neutral Belgium whom Britain had promised to protect.
 * August 3rd - Britain sent an ultimatum to Germany ordering it to stop their invasion.
 * August 4th - Germany did not reply to Britain so Britain declared war on Germany.