InNo+JerryL+3.4.2011

AWESOMENESS!!!! MY OWN AWESOMENESS!!!! YEA!!! this shows the "friendly" relationship between Hitler and Stalin during the time of Nazi-Soviet Pact. Stalin got BACKSTAB by Hitler! but then it was too cold in USSR and Barbarossa failed...

This shows Hitler and Stalin walking on the "Eastern Frontier", Although it seems that they are close to each other, both of them have another hand holding a pistol at each other. This really describes the situation: they are only bonded together because of the Eastern Frontier and now they are trying to get rid of each other secretly.

The cartoon shows Hitler and Stalin greeting each other over the body of Poland. It shows that the alliance was just there to invade and divide Poland and the two actually hate each other. 

1939, Nazi-Soviet Pact: Only for temporary peace while both sides prepare for war.
 * The Great Fatherland War **
 * Why did Germany attack the USSR? **
 * Hitler HATED Communism;
 * he signed the pact just to keep USSR neutral UNTIL 1941
 * he had most of Western Europe under control.
 * ordered his generals to plan an attack on USSR.

Invasion code-named: //Barbarossa// (Red Beard) Stalin tried scorched “earth method”:
 * Operation Barbarossa **
 * started on 1941 June 22.
 * Using Blitzkrieg method to invade
 * 3.2 million Germans!
 * Destroyed much of Soviet aircraft before takeoff
 * half a million prisoners
 * large amount of supply
 * Total defeat.
 * take or destroy all possible resources in German occupied regions. (Similar to when Napoleon invaded Russia…)
 * HOWEVER, could not stop German invasion.
 * By end of September, Germany took over most rich and industrial land.
 * Germany going to invade Moscow, defeat of nation seemed certain.

Four things prevented defeat:
 * How the USSR was saved **


 * Moved weapon factories out of German reach, into Ural Mountains to make supplies for War.
 * Bad weather:
 * Autumn rain and mud slowed Germans down, turned to ice and froze equipments and soldiers.
 * Help from USA and Britain.
 * They supplied USSR with food, weapons, medical supplies, etc.
 * Britain and USA sign treaties of collaboration with USSR in 1942.
 * Cruelty of German forces.
 * Enslaved and Massacred the Soviet people
 * especially Jews and Communists.
 * (Nazi **Special Action Groups**)
 * many Soviets joined resistant groups (Partisans)

US didn’t want to be involved in WW2: //Japan did the opposite://
 * War Spreads to the Far East **
 * The United States and Japan **
 * Congress passed series of **Neutrality Laws** (1930s).
 * Spent little on military
 * smaller navy than Japan
 * expanded by invading
 * spent massively on forces (third in the world).

Policy change after 1939 (WW2), Neutrality Laws amended:
 * The end of US isolation **


 * **‘Cash and carry’**: British (or any country) had to pay in dollars or gold and collect with own ships.
 * **‘Lend-Lease Act’**: allowing US to provide British and (later) USSR with war supplies
 * Also helped China: stopped most trade with Japan.
 * Stopped oil trade in July 1941 after Jap occupation of Indo-China.
 * Great blow to Japan (90% oil came from US)
 * Japan refused to have peace with China in return for oil.
 * reached Deadlock

Japan planned a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor (7 December 1941) to force US back into trading with them:
 * Japan attacks Pearl Harbor **
 * 360 aircraft assault:
 * 8 battle ships damaged or sank
 * 10 warships out of action
 * 340 aircraft destroyed on ground
 * 3581 men killed
 * Crippled US Pacific Fleet in 2 hours.

//HOWEVER, it wasn’t that bad…//
 * 4 aircraft carriers (more powerful than battleships) not at port that day
 * oil tank supply not destroyed.

Pearl Harbor brought US into war: Didn’t stop Japan’s plan to dominate Asia: (1941)
 * Declarations of war **
 * December 8 US and Britain declare war on Japan.
 * Due to **Tripartite Axis Pact**, Germany and Italy war with USA also.
 * 3 weeks later, 26 nations declare war on Axis (**United Nations Declaration**).
 * GLOBAL WAR!!!
 * Japan conquers Asia **
 * Dec 8: destroy US air on ground in Philippines, attack Guam, Midway and Wake Isands.
 * Dec 10: sank British warships //Prince of Wales// and //Repulse// which were defending Singapore.
 * Dec 25: Hong Kong surrendered
 * Feb 15 (1942): Singapore fell, 140,000 prisoners.
 * March 9: Dutch East Indies fell
 * April: American troops in Philippines surrendered after siege
 * End of May: Burma fell

//Japan took all South-East Asia and western Pacific (Philippines, Singapore, Hong Kong, Dutch East Indies) resources, greatly damaged British and American forces.//

Global war meant more at sea, mostly Germany attacking British sea trade to force them to surrender No major battles up to 1941:
 * War At Sea **
 * Sea battles **
 * German attacks concentrated on merchant ships.
 * Only in 1939, 3 British Ships sunk 1 German.

1941 May, Germany built navy at French port //Brest// to attack British convoys. U-boats (submarines) even more dangerous
 * Battleship //Bismarck// and cruiser //Prinz Eugen// went from Baltic Sea to Brest to join the attack.
 * Spotted by British air, British navy hunted //Bismarck// down;
 * //Prinz Eugen// escaped, made many attacks with other two ships in Brest.
 * The Menace of the U-boats **
 * hunt ships under water with torpedoes
 * Sank //Royal Oak// while in harbor with only one submarine in Oct 1939.
 * Built more U-boats at France after France fell.

//Ships travelled in convoys (guarded by Royal Navy) to prevent U-boat raids, yet ‘wolf-packs’ (15-20 U-boats) sunk many ships, ‘Battle of the Atlantic’.// Widened after US was involved: //1943, Allies started to use high-tech to hunt U-boats.// Allies were losing the battle by early 1943, they suffered great loses. //Allies were better equipped in May, destroying 41 U-boats in total, turning point.//
 * The Battle of the Atlantic **
 * Germany sunk US ships forcing them to begin convoy system.
 * Then U-boats turned to cut African-British trade route.
 * Huff Duff
 * found a way to decode U-boat orders from captured U-boat.
 * __//Germans have now failed to cut British trade thanks to US, and war was to continue.//__**

Basically this briefly talked about Germany's invasion of USSR and why it was not successful due to many reasons. then, the book describes how America gets pulled into WW2 by Japan (Pearl Harbor). Japan had caused an alliance chain effect AGAIN (they didn't learn ANYTHING from history, Napoleon OR WW1) resulting to actual Global War with everyone joining in. the Sea battles between Germany and Britain were also introduced, followed by US aid to Britain. Overall, situations started to change here and the victory of war has started to tilt towards the allies... Compare and contrast 'Cash and carry' with 'Lend-Lease Act'. Explain the importance of US joining WW2. Why were U-Boats so powerful? Explain why USSR was saved? Define Huff-Duff.
 * Summary **
 * Questions **