InNo+14+Sean2013+3.5.2011

Picture showing the war at sea during World War 2. These include aims, allies, weapons and advantages.



This picture shows the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese. This is important because this was the reason why US joined World War 2 and led to the allies victory.



This picture is the menacing German U-boat. This German submarine were very dangerous and dominated the sea (against Britain) during World War 2.

Chapter 5 - The Great Fatherland War


 * Why did Germany attack the USSR?
 * Signed pact, therefore USSR did not stop Hitler from invading Poland
 * USSR invaded Eastern neighbours
 * Hitler hated communism, not pact of friendship, needed to keep Stalin neutra l
 * Stalin knew, but needed time to prepare for war
 * By 1941 pact no longer useful, prepare attack on USSR


 * Operation Barbossa**
 * Invasion named Barbarossa (Red Beard) began on 1941 June 22
 * Blitzkrieg tactics, 3.2 million men attacked Russia
 * They took in prisoners, captured supplies
 * Make conditions bad for the enemy
 * German occupied West Russia


 * How USSR was saved**

**Four things saved USSR**
 * Moved important weapons factories to Eastern regions beyond reach of the Germans.
 * Bad weather for the Germans
 * Help from USA and Britain, shipped foods/weapons to USSR
 * Will of Russians, after cruelty displayed by the Nazis

Chapter 6 - War spreads to the far east


 * The United States and Japan**
 * The US wanted nothing to do with Eastern disputes, neutral
 * The US army was weak
 * Japanese army expanding, to conquer other countries
 * Japan had 3rd largest army


 * The end of US isolation**
 * The US provided Britain with war supplies
 * Lend-Lease Act, war supplies to Britain, also Russia
 * USA gave help to China, stopping oil transport to Japan
 * 90% oil from USA, only un-ban if peace talks with China
 * Deadlock, both talk of war


 * Japan attacks Pearl Harbor**
 * Decided to attack oil-rich Britain, Dutch colonies
 * Started by surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, in Hawaii
 * Sunday 7 1941, 360 torpedo planes and bomber launchd from Japanese carriers
 * Sank and damaged eight battleships and wrecked aircrafts and fleet.
 * Not that much damage done
 * Did not destroy oil storage tanks


 * Declaration of war**
 * 8 December, Britain and USA declared war on Japan
 * 8 other countries also declared war on Japan
 * Tripartite Axis Pact, Germany and Italy declared war on Japan
 * 26 countries declared war on Germany, Italy
 * United Nations Declarations, defeating Axis powers


 * Japan conquers Asia**
 * Declaration of war did not stop Japan from conquering Asia
 * They conquered Philippines, attacked Guan, Midway and Wake Islands.
 * Took over Hong Kong, Singapore, prisoned 140,000 British troops
 * Burma fell to Japan, took over Asia and had all the oil, rubber, tin bauxite

Chapter 7 - War at Sea
 * During world war 2, most battles took place at Sea, Atlantic ocean
 * Aim for Germans was to sink ships, then to take food and materials to Britain to starve the British
 * British needed to keep their shipping routes open at all costs


 * Sea battles**
 * Up to 1941 there were no great sea battles between German and British fleets.
 * German attacked British merchant ships to avoid the Royal Navy
 * Early stage of war started in Dec 1939,
 * Three British warships trapped German packet battleship Grafspee in River Plate, forcing captain to scttule


 * May 1941, German create squadron of powerful warships
 * Aim was to attack British convoys deep in Atlantic
 * Bringing Bismarck, to Atlantic o join Gneisenau and Scharnhorst
 * Spotted by British aircraft, fleet sent to chase after
 * Sent all ships to hunt Bismarck, sank it
 * Prinz Eugen escaped British attack and joined the other two ships
 * Series of attacks before retreating to safety in March 1942


 * The menace of the U-boat**
 * German submarines, U-boats
 * Hunt ships unseen beneath waves and destroy them
 * Single submarine penetrated Royal Navy harbor at Scape Flow
 * Sank battleship Royal Oak while at anchor
 * After France fall, they could use French ports as bases for attacks on ships far out in Atlantic
 * To protect from u-boats, ships travelled in convoys
 * Guarded by Royal Navy destroyers and vorvettes
 * German hunted them with 20 Uboats
 * So many British ships sank by Uboats, Churcills called it Battle of Atlantic


 * The Battle of the Atlantic**
 * Widened after USA joined the battle
 * Uboats attacked both British and American ships
 * Uboats attacked African coast ships to take resources from Britain
 * US and Britain made new inventions to spot Uboats
 * High Frequency Direction, Huff Duff detect radio signals to be directed away from Uboats
 * Discovered Enigma coding machine, allowed British intelligence to decipher Ultra codes used to send orders to Uboats
 * Allies losing Battle of Atlantic, by 1943
 * Worst loss was when 40 Uboats attacked two convoys, 21 ships sunk, 1 Uboat lost
 * Mass 60 Uboats to attack convoy
 * Allies were prepared, sank 7 Uboats for loss of 12 ships
 * Allies destroyed 41 Uboats
 * German failed to cut British supply lifelines across the ocean.
 * With American aid, British would be able to hold off Germany

**Summary** Germany attempted to attack Russia, but failed due to the harsh weather, supporting and moving its factories. At the same time, war spreads throughout ASia as Japan tries to conquer Asia. During war at sea, Germans used Uboats against the British warships.

**Questions** What were the four things that led USSR to defend itself from the Germans? What were the German submarines called? What did the US do to stop Japan invasion? What was their response? What caused US to join the War? What would happen if US did not join the war? Do you think German would still be strong if it did not attack USSR?

Citations

"Forturno." Forturno Blog. 4 May 2005. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.

"USA recession." WebND. 15 June 2006. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.

"Russia." History Today. 8 Jan 2008. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.

"Uboat." World War History. 21 Dec 2001. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.

"The Royal Navy." Britain facts. 2 Dec 2007. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.

"Shields." Shophere. 10 Dec 2010. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.

"Knights" Ancient 5 Nov 2001. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.

"Treechart." Education World. 21 Oct 2004. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.

"Attack on Pearl Harbor." Today’s Trends. 21 July 2007. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.

"German U-boat." Dingle News. 13 Feb 2007. Web. 5 Mar. 2011.