InNo+JerryL+09.5.2010

**Revolution and Terror, 1784-1794** **Part I (pg.28-38)**

Revolution spread from Versailles to other parts of France, next five years:


 * Changed society, government, religion
 * Influence other countries over the world
 * Many supporters/haters

**REVOLUTION, 1789**
 * Set up National Assembly:
 * Third estates' victory, King's defeat
 * King lost control of Estates General
 * Riots in Paris: losing control of capital
 * Ordered 20,000 troops to move in
 * People in Paris afraid
 * July 12: King replaced popular finance minister with one who opposed the third estate
 * Thought King going to crack down National Assembly by force
 * Looking for weapons for self-defense, broke into stores and stole guns (for 2 days)
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">14 July: rumors of gunpowder in Bastille, old fortress in eastern Paris

<span style="font: normal normal normal 17px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px;">**Storming of the Bastille**
 * For four hundred years: Held prisoners who were sent by sealed letters
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Dungeons, torture chambers, life-long imprisonment
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">People full of hated, to them Bastille was symbol of king's abusive power.
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Governor surrendered, but people still destroyed it and killed defenders within.
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Bastille fell by evening

<span style="font: normal normal normal 17px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px;">**Images of the Bastille** <span style="font: normal normal normal 17px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px;">**Women march to Versailles**
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Symbol of victory of ordinary people over their rulers
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Victory recorded by thousands of images
 * Foreigners fascinated, made own paintings
 * Only 7 prisoners found, treated much better than thought to be
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Louis didn't like decisions of the Assembly
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Refused to sign so couldn't become law
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Added more soldiers to Versailles for body guard, same as in Paris
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Market women in Paris collected weapons by marching through the city.
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Oct 5: with weapons they came to Versailles and urged king to come live with them in Paris so they can inspect him
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">King forced to Paris with family due to violence
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Lived in Tuileries Palace, Versailles palace locked up

<span style="font: normal normal normal 17px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px;">**King and the Assembly, 1789-1792** <span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px;">**Reforms of the National Assembly**
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Assembly followed King to paris, over next two years made new laws:
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">male tax payers over 25 year old could vote
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">clergy land sold to pay france's debts
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">protestants had same voting rights as catholics
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">local councils elected by citizens
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">salt, taille, traites, land, aides taxes abolished
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">noble titles abolished
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">slavery abolished, black people had same rights as white

<span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px;">**Reform of the Church**
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Divided into two sides:
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">Church had too much power, land, money, clergy lived unholy lives
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px;">Church was unquestioned belief, devotion, no reason for change (Catholics)
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Many catholics protested when NA took money and land away from church
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">reached peak in July 1790
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">church's power was reduced
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Civil Constitution of the Clergy:
 * P riests and bishops had to be elected like public officials
 * Required an oath of loyalty to the French nation and law
 * Clergy divided into who took oaths and who didn't
 * Nation fallowed clergy's choices

<span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px;">**Flight to Varennes**
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Louis opposed to revolution, decided to leave France
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Hoped for assistance from princes, also Emperor Leopold (Antoinette's brother)
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Attack France, destroy Assembly and restore power
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Assembly guarded them heavily
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Made secret escape
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">21 Jun 1791: left midnight in a disguised carriage
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Arrested 50 km from frontier,
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Local authorities at Varennes sent them back to Paris

<span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px;">**Road to War** >>>
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Emperor Leopold decided to help restore Louis's power and liberty:
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">called on all European kings to take action
 * Just a statement, didn't really want to war
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">However, everyone in France believed war was inevitable
 * <span style="color: #ff0000; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Everyone wanted it
 * Louis's side wanted it to gain back power
 * <span style="color: #000000; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Assembly wanted it so they could de-thrown Louis

<span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**Summary** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"> Louis started to lose control of his country. People gradually took over with force. They stormed into Bastille in search of gunpowder, freeing the prisoners there. Then a group of women forced the King to live in Paris under the Assembly’s watch. There were many reforms on rights, economy and religion. The religion reforms split the country in half. The King was not happy with the changes so he tried to escape from Paris and get to his fellow monarchs. He was caught before he got outside of France and sent back to Paris. The war was about to start.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 14px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**Questions** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"> What happened to the governments army? How is it that they lose to ordinary citizens with bad equipment and no experience at all?

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal 'Trebuchet MS'; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">

picture of Versailles palace.