Revolution+In+France+InNo+Maurice+Chiu+Chapter+28-38

Revolution And Terror 1789-1794

Revolution 1789
 * After the National Assembly was established it was a victory for the third estate but a defeat for King Louis and he lost control of the Estates General.
 * The King was also losing the capital when there were riots nearby Paris.
 * Louis ordered 20,000 troops to Paris to keep order after being urged by the queen and member of his court.
 * Because of the 20,000 troops, many of the citizens started to fear that the National Assembly was going to be broken up by the troops.
 * In July 12, the King replaced the popular finance minister, Necker, with a hard-liner who opposed the third estate. This caused more fear amongst the people of Paris.
 * Because of the replacement of Necker, the people thought that King Louis was going to disband the National Assembly and many tried to look for weapons to protect themselves with.
 * During the search for weapons, thousands of guns and weaponry were stolen from stores and a rumor went around that there are tonnes of gunpowder stored in Bastille.

The Storming Of Bastille
 * The Parisians hated the bastille because it was the state prison and was where all the prisoners arrested by the sealed letters were sent to.
 * The mob broke into the courtyard and the governor surrendered but the mod actually wanted to destroy the fortress, because it symbolizes everything they hate about the king's power.
 * Eventually the mob went in and killed all the defender's and took over the place by night.

Images Of Bastille
 * The fall of Bastille was one of the most famous events during the French Revolution as it shows that the normal people can oppose the power of their rulers.

The King loses Control
 * The king was considering to send soldier's to the Bastille to recapture it but his war minister warned him not to.
 * To keep control in Paris, he allowed the people to set their own military forces, the National Guard.
 * He then let the leading officials of the third estate to make a local government, the Paris Commune.
 * Towns and cities followed Paris and decided to make National Guard units and the Paris Commune and forced out the royal officials from the town hall with many riots everywhere.

The Great Fear
 * Violence spread into the coutry side where there was a high unemployment rate and millions were starving.
 * Rumors spread that the nobles were paying gangs of wanderers to attack farms and scare the farmers. This caused angry peasants to break into the noble's homes and burn the record of their dues and also refused to pay the feudal right and dues.

The Assembly Beings Its Work
 * The deputies became scared by the angry peasants and the riots and the violence so they took drastic measures to end it.
 * On August 4th, all of the nobles dropped their feudal rights and dues and the by the next day all the feudal rights and the tithe were abolished and feudalism was dead.
 * Three weeks later the National Assembly created the "Declaration Of The Rights Of Men And The Citizens". It stated that everyone was equal and had equal rights and it changed the laws of arrest, imprisonment and also banned torture.
 * The biggest change in the declaration was that it shows that not only the King has power and that everyone has it.

The Women March To Versailles
 * King Louis opposed and disagreed to all the laws that the National Assembly created and refused to sign them.
 * Louis brought more soldiers to the Versailles to protect himself and it looked like he was going to disband the National Assembly once again.
 * This caused a mob of women to gather around the Versailles protesting about the high price of bread and the extra soldiers and they also asked the king to leave Versailles to live in Paris.
 * At first King Louis did not want to go, but after the women killed two bodyguards and threatened to kill the queen, Louis, Marie Antoinette, and their oldest song left the Versailles and went to live in Tuileries Palace in the center of Paris.
 * The reason for the women to ask the king to leave Versailles was because then everyone can see what he is doing and planning and keep an eye on his activities.

The King And The Assembly 1789-1792
 * The deputies of the National Assembly started changing the laws and how France was governed in the next two years.
 * Many people welcomed the changes and the reforms of the National Assembly, but they were divided.
 * Many people thought the church had too much land, too much money, and too much power with the fact that the clergy lived unholy lives.
 * On the other side of the people against the church, the god-fearing Catholics did not question the church and did not want to change it.
 * When the National Assembly began to take money and land from the church, many Catholics protested and the protests got louder when in July 1790 the National Assembly drew up a law to reduce the power of the church.
 * The new law was the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, where bishops and priests must be elected by other public officials and needs to take an oath of loyalty to the French Nation and the law.
 * Over half of the clergies refused to abide to the new law and said the National Assembly had no right to interfere with the church's affairs and even the Pope joined the Protest and condemned the new law.
 * Before long the clergy was split with people who abide to the new law and those who support the revolution to those who refused the new law and those who opposed the revolution.

The Flight To Varennes
 * King Louis was upset with the Civil Constitution and sided with the protest by the Catholics.
 * This made it look like King Louis was again opposing the revolution and angry crowds build up outside of the Tuleries Palace.
 * The King then decide to leave France and get help from the French Princes who already left France to build up armies across the frontier and he also hoped to get the assistance of Marie Antoinette's brother Leopold who was the emperor of Austria. The King wanted to invade France, get rid of the Assembly, and regain the power he lost.
 * But escaping from Paris was near impossible for the King because the Assembly had already thought about him escaping.There were guards at every door at the palace and they had to disguise themselves and they ran away through a temporarily unguarded door in June 21st 1971.
 * They went into a carriage was leading them to Montmedy but before they almost reached the frontier they were recognized and the local authorities arrested them in the small town of Varennes and sent them back to Paris.

Summary: The people began to revolt and the people stormed the Bastille as well as the Versailles. The King was transfered to the palace of Tuileries and tried to escape but was recaptured by the local authorities.

Question: Why did king louis run away from the palace of Tuileries?