InNo+RyanC2013+09.04.2010

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= **Notes**

Revolution

 * The many changes that the Revolution brought inspired millions, but also stimulated hatred amongst others.
 * King Louis lost control of the Estates Generals and riots loosened his hold on the capitol.
 * With persuasion from advisors King Louis ordered 200,000 troops to station themselves around Paris to keep order.
 * People feared the troops where going to break up the National Assembly.
 * People became afraid as King Louis changed the finance minister to someone who opposed the third state.
 * Angry and frightened people took up arms to defend themselves against the soldiers.
 * People broke into weapon stores and took thousands of guns, and a rumor spread that the Bastille (An Old Fortress) contained tons of gunpowder.

Storming the Bastille

 * The Bastille has been a prison for people who received "Sealed Letters".
 * Stories of its cruelty was wide spread.
 * The day they stormed the Bastille they destroyed the whole place, because they wanted to destroy the symbol of royal power.
 * They also killed surrendered defenders.
 * Their victory over the Bastille symbolized the victory of ordinary people over their rulers.
 * Many paintings that captured the storming of the Bastille showed dramatic events that lead to victory.
 * They also showed what the "Liberators" would have seen at the time.
 * Many artists abroad replicated their own paintings.

Inaccurate Paintings

 * According to accounts of what the attackers found the answer is **NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!**
 * Accounts say that there were only 7 prisoners at the time, and many of them were insane.
 * They weren't even treated half as bad as the stories went.

Losing Control

 * After the storming of the Bastille, King Louis had to give up control of Paris.
 * He couldn't use his soldiers because they would refuse to take back the Bastille.
 * King Louis allowed the people of Paris to set up their own National Guard to keep control of Paris.
 * Leading officials of the first estate formed their own government, the Paris Commune.
 * Many cities in France followed Paris's example and took over the city and set up their own National Guard and Government.

Gangs

 * Hunger and poverty brought more people out of their homes and onto the streets.
 * Gangs of these people wandering for food stole food from farms and damaged their crops.
 * Many rumors about Nobles being behind all the hunger and chaos spread.
 * Many peasants refused to pay their dues and even burned records of their dues in response to these rumors.
 * Fear of gangs caused people to ring church bells to warn other towns of coming gangs, which caused a chain reaction of church bells being rung all over France.

National Assembly Steps Up

 * Seeing violence increase the National Assembly took a huge step and discarded all feudal rights and dues.
 * They also made a new law, "Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen.
 * This law stated that men were all equal and right and had freedom of speech. It changed the laws of arrest and imprisonment, and banned torture. Above all it stated that power belonged to everyone and not just the King.
 * King Louis refused to sign these new laws which meant they couldn't be brought into affect.
 * He also brought in more troops to protect himself, but others say it as a threat to break up the National Assembly.
 * Crowds of market women took up arms and demanded that King Louis return to Paris where he could be watched.
 * King Louis refused at first but then the women broke into his Palace and threatened to kill his wife.
 * October 6 King Louis, Marie Antoinette, and there oldest son traveled to Paris and lived in the Tuileries Palace, in the center of Paris.
 * The National Assembly made new laws and changed the way France was governed.

Church Reforms

 * The problem with church reforms was that not everyone supported a change in the way church was run, because they saw no reason to change it. Others however thought that clergies lived unholy lives and that the church held too much power.
 * The National Assembly ordered priests and bishops to take an oath swearing loyalty to the French Nation and its law, this was called Civil Constitution of the Clergy.
 * Many clergies refused to take this oath even the Pope condemned this new law.
 * Clergies were then divided by those who took the oath and those who didn't.
 * Those who opposed the revolution and those who were with it.

Louis's Escape ... Attempt

 * Unhappy with the civil constitution King Louis XVI sided with unoathed clergies, making it seem like he opposed the revolution.
 * Louis decided with his wife that they would leave France and get help from French princes who left France and had developed large armies.
 * They also wanted to get help from the Marie Antoinette's brother, the Emperor of Austria.
 * With help they could take back France and break up the National Assembly.
 * An escape from the palace would be hard because the National Assembly ha already suspected that they might try to escape.
 * Around midnight 1791, King Louis XVI and his family escaped under a disguise into an awaiting carriage outside a temporarily unguarded gate.
 * Unfortunately they were recognized 50 km from the border and were arrested and taken back to Paris.

Upcoming War

 * Fearing that King Louis and Marie Antoinette were in danger Emperor Leopold (Marie's Brother) issued a statement promising that he would bring them liberty.
 * With the King of Prussia he asked all European kings to help them.
 * Leopold didn't really want to go to war with France, his statement was only to show support for King Louis and Marie Antoinette.
 * However people in France thought that the war was inevitable.
 * People in France wanted war for two different reasons...
 * If war occurred the French armies may lose and then Louis could restore power.
 * If Louis sided with the invaders they could de-throne him and make France a Republic.

=War (April 20th, 1792)=


 * France declared war on Austria and attacked Austrian bases outside of Belgium
 * Austria easily defeated the French attacks.
 * Rumors were spread that there were traitors in France passing messages to Austria.
 * Fear was increased when Prussia joined Austria.
 * The National Assembly in a quick response had all troops sent to the frontier and all foreigners watched.
 * They also decided to expel priests who refused to give the oath.
 * Louis disagreed with the treatment of the clergies.
 * This caused some people to become angry and break into his palace and shout insults at him.
 * He was placed in a very bad position when the enemy commander the Duke of Brunswick, threatened the people of France a terrible punishment if he was harmed. (Brunswick Manifesto)
 * The National Assembly responded to this by giving arms to all civilians, but this decision allowed the civilians to take matters up into their own hands. The power to get rid of the monarchy and set up an assembly where they had the power.

=Summary=

King Louis lost most of his power due to the creation of the National assembly. The successful storming of the Bastille had a significant effect on Louis's power as he gave power over to the people of Paris to form a national guard to keep control. This caused many cities in France to follow Paris's example. Hunger and poverty cause people to go to the streets to beg. In search for food these people stole food from farms and damaged crops. These gangs of people cause panic all over France. As violence increased the National Assembly took action and discarded all feudal rights and dues. They even reformed Frances system of law. However King Louis refused to sign these new laws causing them to be unable to take affect. Angry market women demanded that King Louis go to Paris where he could be watched. He refusal caused the women to break into the palace and threatened to kill his wife. He had no choice but to take his family and go to Paris. Reforms on Church took place but some civilians thought that it was an unnecessary thing to do while others thought that the church had too much power and that clergies lived unholy lives. The National Assembly made clergies and priest oath loyalty to the French government and law, this was called Civil Constitution of the Clergy. However, many clergies and priest refused to take the oath, even the Pope condemned the new law. This split clergies from those who took the oath and those who didn't. King Louis was displeased with the civil constitution and tried to escape to get help from other nations to take back France and break up the National Assembly. However they where recognized 50 km from the border of France. Sensing that King Louis and Marie Antoinette were in danger Emperor Leopold (Brother of Marie Antoinette) issued a statement that he would liberate them. This caused many French people to think that war was inevitable, even though Emperor Leopold didn't want war. Many people in France wanted war because the war would either give King Louis a chance to retake control or give the people of France a chance to dethrone King Louis. On April 20, 1792 France declared war on Austria. However Austria easily defeated all the attacks from France. This cause rumors in France that there was a traitor sending messages to Austria. The fear of the people deepened as Prussia joined Austria. The National Assembly in a quick response sent all their troops to the frontier and had all foreigners watched. The Duke of Brunswick (an enemy commander) then threatened the people of France that they would all be punished severely if King Louis was hurt. This caused the National Assembly to give arms to civilians, which also gave civilians the ability to do whatever they pleases. Which meant getting rid of the monarch and setting up their own assembly.

=Questions=

Why was the Gate Temporarily unguarded?

Why didn't King Louis just draw the blinds so no one could see their faces?