InNo+JerryL+09.1.2010

**France Before the Revolution (Part III)**

**Estates General**
 * Nobles and clergy preferred calling an Estates General: They could win the vote (voting system)

**Voting System** **Food crisis** **Complaint lists**
 * Met whenever needed
 * Last time together = 1614
 * 750 members, 250 per estate.
 * Each estates has one vote
 * Unfair for third estate:
 * Wanted the King to double size and give one vote/member
 * December 1788: King agreed to demands:
 * Bankrupt, wanted new taxes fast
 * Hoped the estates general will vote for new taxes
 * **MASS HUNGER**
 * Caused by __//weather//__ :
 * July 13, 1788 hailstorm destroyed lands
 * A drought
 * Coldest winter
 * Rivers froze, windmill couldn’t grind flour
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Roads blocked, no transport of goods
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Snow suddenly melted, floods ruined land
 * Sharp rise in bread price *4
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Families spent all money on bread
 * Companies lost business, unemployment
 * <span style="color: #f50000; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Riots and strikes
 * <span style="color: #f50000; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Spring 1789
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Estates general elections
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Voters drew up lists for Estates General to discuss with the King
 * Over 60,000 lists were drawn up, including:
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Replace all tax with one
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Tax free salt
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Suppression of begging
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Suppression of feudal rights
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Adjustment of tithe
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Millions of people had great expectations for estates general

<span style="font: normal normal normal 17px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px;">**Estates Meet**
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">**Over a thousand deputies arrived**
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Third estate didn’t want separate vote, only participate if nobles and clergy joined them in one “National Assembly”
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">If nobles and clergy had not joined by end of week, would do it on their own.
 * Louis ordered Royal Session of the Estates General as a warning, started to lose control
 * <span style="color: #f50000; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">19 June: clergy joined third estate
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Third estate came to welcome clergy in palace, the doors were locked and guarded (preparing for Royal Session)

<span style="font: normal normal normal 17px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px;">**Tennis Court Oath**
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Rain falling, third estate hid in nearby tennis court
 * C arry on meeting
 * W hen Royal Session was held (23 June), refused to move, king gave in
 * <span style="color: #f50000; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">27 June: nobles and clergy ordered to join 3rd estate
 * <span style="color: #f50000; font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">NATIONAL ASSEMBLY: France’s legal parliament
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;">Revolution!!!

<span style="font: normal normal normal 17px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px;">**Summary** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> Nobles and clergy wanted to team up against third estate, third estate wanted to double their votes. French government close to bankrupt, Louis hope to start tax quick. There was also a huge food crisis, bad harvest, poverty. Estate general elections started earlier and the list for changes were made. when the estates met, third estate refused to have separate votes. They wanted a National Assembly with the other estates. Louis tried to control them by ordering Royal session, but the clergy decided to join third estate. After Tennis Court Oath all three estates joined and refused Royal session. Revolution starts.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 17px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px;">**Question** <span style="font: normal normal normal 13px/normal Arial; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px;"> Why didn’t Louis want National Assembly? Didn’t he WANT the third estate to win voting?


 * <  ||< Things that people disliked ||< kinds of people who disliked these things ||
 * society || unequal rights for different classes || third estate ||
 * taxation || Nobles and clergy almost didn't have to pay tax || third estate ||
 * Feudal rights and dues || peasants had to give money to their land owners and obey unequal treaties || third estate ||
 * Law || cruel executions || mostly third estate ||
 * Government || abusive power, sealed letters. || mostly third estate ||

the third class, who were the majority of the people, were treated unequally in all things listed in the chart.

Question 3 E,B,G,A,I,C,D,H,F

Question 4 1.political 2.economic 3.political 4.social 5.social

Question 5 the last one was the Most important of all, because the poor are the majority of the French society and it is one of the most important issues. Therefore more people protest against this problem.

Question 6 Yes. The main reason the government was unpopular was because of unequal treatment for different classes and poverty. Marie Antoinette had very little to do with these factors. Although she spent a lot, she was not the only royal member who lived this way.