InNo+eunyoungpx2013+Sept.03.11


 * Revolution and Terror 1789-1794 pg 26-36 ** toc

=Revolution,1789 =

-National Assembly was good for 3rd estate, but it was bad for king Louis -king Louis start to lose control -king placed 20,000 royal troops to area around Paris, so people in Paris start to worry if king Louis is going to break up the National Assembly. -On 12 July, after people hear the rumor, they start to feel more worry and angry so they start to search for weapons to fight against king

The storming of the Bastille
-People in Paris hated Bastille because it had been a prison for many years. Also, people thought that Bastille is a symbol of king's power. -They wanted to destroy the symbol of government so they destroy everything in Bastille and finally by evening they got control of the Bastille **Image of the Bastille**

- event in Bastille was one of the most famous events in France -Many people recorded this event by painting -But paintings were not accurate -At this time Bastille had only 7 prisoners (Prisoner's life)

- king Louis considered send army to Paris, but war minister told him that soldiers will refuse to go. -he gave up control of Paris -he took his army back and allowed people to set up their own military. -3rd estate formed a new local government(Paris commune) -other towns and cities follow this example and set their own commune

-this events effected countryside too -unemployment was high -Rumor spread that nobles pay the gangs to attack farms and terrorise the peasants -peasants got angry and refuse to pay feudal dues

-Deputies in the National Assembly got scared -they gave up feudal rights -issued 'Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen' -It said that all men were free and equal in rights, people should have the right to speak and write freely and power in France belong to the entire people. -this change the laws of arrest and imprisonment and banned torture

The women march to Versailles
- King Louis refuse to sign for this decision and brought more soldiers. Then, for people this looked like king was going to break the Assembly. -When people heard this news women gathered in the street and start to march through the city -they complained about high price of bread and soldiers in Versilles -they asked king to leave -king didn't want to leave but when people killed two bodyguards, king decide to leave. -king move to the Tuileries Palace in the center of Paris

=The king and the Assembly =

Reforms of the National Assembly
-Over the next 2 years the Assembly made new laws and changed the way France was run and organised. (list of reforms)

-most people liked these reforms -But about the reform of Church, people divide into two group ->one side thought that church have too much power and land&money ->other side thought that there is no reason to change it -National Assembly took land and money from the church -In July 1790, Catholics protests grew louder -the law called "civil constitution of the clergy' was drew up and all clergy had to take an oath of loyalty ti the French nation and law -clergy refuse to take oath -clergy divided into two groups. One was people who took the oath and supported the revolution and one was peple who refused the oath and opposed the revolution. Entire nations divided by the Qs of the Church and its power

-King Louis didn't like Civil constitution and supported priests who refuse to take the oath -But for people this looked like he opposed the revolution -people protested at the gate of the Tuileries -Louis decided to leave France -His plan was to build up armies and invade France again -But Assembly thought that Louis is going to escape so they put guards at every door in the Palace. -so they had to make secret escape -but they were arrested and sent back to Paris

The road to war
-Emperor Leopold said that he will help Louis -But Leopold actually had no intention of attacking France -People heard that foreign armies are going to come to France -Louis wanted a war to regain his power -people who opposed Louis wanted war, so they can show exactly whose side he was on. (they wanted make France a Republic- a country which the people hold power through an assembly and a president who they elect)

Summary
This chapter talks about how French revolution changed France. When people got control of Bastille, king start to lose power. So king gave up control of the Paris. Then, people in Bastille got their own commune and people in other town and country side start to follow this event. When people heard the rumor that said nobles paid money to gangs to attack farm, people refuse to follow feudal rights, so Deputies in the National Assembly gave up the feudal rights and issued 'Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen'. But king refuse to sign for this reform and brought more soldiers to guard him, but this mad people think that king was going to break the Assembly. This resulted women to march through the city and tell king to leave. Most people liked reforms but there was one reform that caused problem. One of reforms that caused people to divide into two group was reform about Church. One group thought that Church has too much power and other group thought that there is no reason to change. After king Louis move to Tuileries Palace in the center of Paris, king Louis supported people who refuse to take oath. People thought that king Louis is opposed the revolution so people protested at the Tuileries. As result of this event king Louis decide to leave France. Louis's plan was to leave France and build armies to invade France again. So they tried to make secret escape but they got caught and sent back to Paris. When Marie Antoinette's brother emperor Leopold heard this news, he said that he is going to help them. However, actually he had no intention to attack France. When people heard this news, Louis and people who opposed him really wanted a war because king wanted to regain his power and for people who opposed king, it was a good chance to see exactly whose side king was on.

** Fun! **
Q3-6 on pg 26-27

E. The government spent more each year than it received in taxes, so... B. the government was deeply in debt, so... I. the government went bankrupt, so... G. the Finance Minister planned to raise money with a new tax on land. But... A. an assembly of nobles and clergy refused to agree to the new tax, so... C. Louis XVI ordered a meeting of the Estates General, hoping it would agree to the new tax. But... D. the Third Estate deputies took over the Estates General and turned it into a National Assembly, so... H. Louis XVI decided to hold a royal session of the Estate General, and warn the third estate not to defy him, but... F. the deputies gathered in a tennis court and swore an oath that the would continue to meet.

Question: 1. it is obvious that even king heard about the rumor but Why didn't he do anything about it? 2. Why didn't Leopold help Louis?

Pictures of Bastille event

(picture from textbook)