InNo+JuneShin+10.19.10

Part 2- War and Revolution

7. Russia At War - ﻿Russia went to war in August 1914, Many people supported the war with the Germany, There was demonstration support of the Tsar 8 .The Revolution of March 1917 -In 1917 conditions in Russia, is getting worse and worse, Many people wanted to overthrew Tsar
 * Early Defeats
 * Two Russian Armies attacked one Geman army, but Russian army was badly equipped over million man without rifle and many soldiers didn't have boot.
 * Two battle, **__Masurian Lakes__** and __**Tannenberg**__, the Russian was wiped out, 250,000 soldiers were killed or wounded
 * End of 1914 Russia lost one million men
 * The Collapse of The Economy
 * Russian economy started to collapse from 1915
 * The first problem was lack of worker, all the young man have taken to the war, about 600 factory due to lack of worker, agriculture was stopped
 * The second problem that Russia was facing was the transportation, since Russia was so big, the main transport for supply was the railway, but there 3want enough coal and people are facing hunger because their were no food for people
 * The third problem was inflation. The Russian currency rouble,lost it's value in 1914, and they are getting less and less food since the currency lose their value
 * Dark Forces Destroying The Throne
 * In 1915, Tsar Nicholas take the control of the army
 * He let his wife Alexandra in charage of the government in Petrograd- under the influence of Rasputin
 * Over sixteen month, she sack the prime minister and changed to Rasputin who she favoured
 * Russia had four different prime minister, five ministers of the interior, four minister of agriculture, three minister of war and two minister of foreign affair
 * Since minister have been exchanged in rapid pace, and supply was short of number, and the casualties are outnumbered
 * The rumor spread that Alexandra and Rasputin was German agent working to destroy Russia
 * In 1916 three loyal nobles tried to de-throne Tsar, Rasputin was killed but didn't make any situation better
 * The cold weather was facing the Russia, railway was frozen it can not be used
 * Wednesday 7 March
 * 20,000 workers from the company Putilov steel have revolt
 * Thursday 8 March
 * 50 factories have closed down and 90,000 workers went out strike
 * It was a international woman's day 1000, of socialist women are out for strike
 * Friday 9 March
 * More than half of the working class is on strike, going against police and asking for their demand
 * Saturday 10 March
 * 250,000 workers on strike, the food shortage was continued, no transport and newspaper
 * Sunday 11 March
 * The president of Duma Michael Rodzianko, sent the Telegram to the Tsar which indicates the seriousness of the strike to Tsar
 * How the transport was broken, troops shooting all over
 * After this, Tsar responded him to stop the meeting
 * Monday 12 March
 * Mutiny have begin, sergeant shoot the the commander officer to die and soldiers went on strike
 * Duma held the meeting, it set up the **__Privisional Committee__** intentions take over the government
 * The revolutionaries have set up Soviet, which also had intention to take over government
 * Tuesday 13 March
 * Tsar Nicholas II send a telegram to the head of Duma that he will share power
 * Wednesday 14 March
 * Tsar lost the popularity and soldiers are not supporting him anymore
 * Thursday 15 March
 * Nicholas move to 250 km from petrograd, and give the throne to Alexis, but no one take over the position of king

9. The Provisional Government


 * //Two New government//
 * Russia have set a new government with twelve-man committee that’s from Duma, called themselves **__Provisional government__**, runs shortly before the elect
 * Their was the unofficial government known as **__Petrograd Soviet__** of Workers and Soldiers Deputies.
 * This council is elected by the working people, created with the aim to protect working people and soldiers
 * Other small soviet were formed imitate the Petrograd Soviet
 * Petrograd Soviet issued the order of armed force called **__Order No1__**, that soldiers and sailors must set up committees, to take control of arm, ammunition and equipment. They have to salute their officer.
 * It was followed by the Navy, and the army which provide the fact that Petrograd army control the military
 * Many people from the Petrograd soviets were the revolutionary, they want to give the lands to the peasant and factories are given to the worker.
 * But they didn’t have strong opinion, they wanted to wait until the Provisional government make a decision
 * //Lenin and the April These//
 * During the Time of March Revolution the leader of Bolsheviks, Lenin was exiled to Switzerland
 * He disagreed with the rebellion that co-op with Provisional Government
 * He wanted to get back to Russia to organize second revolution
 * However Petrograd was so far, in between, there were Germany and Austria, Russia enemies was great war
 * However Germany supported Lenin back to Russia, because Lenin will go against the Provisional government which will be affective during the war,
 * Lenin reached Petrograd on 16 April 1917
 * Soon after the arrival he made a speech to the Bolsheviks about ending the war with Germany, land given to peasant , bank must be nationalize, and changing their parties name under Communist, without any support to Provisional government this ideas are know as __**April Theses**__
 * It provided surprise toward the Russian civilian but they didn’t want it to have a revolution, they wanted to wait
 * In June 1917 the Russian armies made a major attack on Austria, but failed, which triggers the soldiers to join the revolution
 * They wanted to take out the Provisional Government, more than 100,00 soldiers have revolted.
 * After short Revolt- Alexander Kerensky, ministry of war sent loyal troops to break the mob and killing and wounding 400 of them.
 * Lenin was exiled to Finland
 * //The Kornilov Revolt//
 * Alexander Kerensky became the prime minister of Provisional Government, facing challenges from Commander-in-chief of the armies General Kornilov
 * He wanted to become a Dictator, so planned to arrest the revolutionaries and to take control of the Provisional government, that could lead to a war against Germany
 * Kolnilov have sent the troops to Petrograd to break up the Provisional government, he allow the **__Red Guard__** from the Bolsheviks.
 * 5,000 Bolsheviks armed man, but Konilov didn’t want to fight, with set the scenario they saved the Provisional Government
 * After the election they are getting more powerful than before, considering for a second revolution

10. The Bolshevik Revolution November 1917 - In 1917, Kerensky and the Provisional Government Gradually lost power  Peasant in the country side rebelled, soldiers in the army refused to fight
 *  //The State Russia in September 1917//
 *  Summer 1917, the peasant began to take control of land to grew their food
 * Peasant have killed 2000 farm landowner, and the land of Tsar and church was taken
 * Kerensky tried to stop the peasant from taking the land by sending soldiers on punishment expedition, but he didn’t have enough soldiers to do it so the conflict between landlord and peasant have continued d
 * The violence of the countries farm have delayed the harvest lead to food shortage, so people fear the winter
 * Many soldiers didn’t obey the Soviet No.1, checking for their land
 * Bolsheviks encouraged them to give up fighting, every where there was drunkness and violence
 * The //November Revolution//
 * In October 1917, Lenin was back in the Petrograd from his exile
 * He said that Bolsheviks should start revolution immediately
 * Hunger does not wait the peasant uprising does not wait. The war does not wait
 * The Bolsheviks leader agreed with uprising against the provisional government
 * Leon Trotsky, chairman of Petrograd Soviet, drew up the plan and set **__Smolny Institute__**,
 * <span style="font-family: 바탕;">The plan was not secretly made, no one could stop him since army supported Bolsheviks and the guard have gave all the rifle to the Bolshevik
 * <span style="font-family: 바탕;">By the night of 6 November, the Red Guard are well armed up and prepared to take control important location in Petrograd
 * <span style="font-family: 바탕;">First they take control of the six bridge across river Neva
 * <span style="font-family: 바탕;">Then seize government building, the PowerStation and railway station
 * <span style="font-family: 바탕;">The Provisional government have it’s headquarter in the Winter Palace
 * <span style="font-family: 바탕;">The cruiser the __**Aurora**__, which Bolsheviks sailors had captured sailed up the River
 * <span style="font-family: 바탕;">Later the gun was open fired on the palace, then they storm the Winter palace
 * <span style="font-family: 바탕;">The Provisional government surrendered were arrested
 * <span style="font-family: 바탕;">Bolsheviks controlled the Petrograd, the capital of Russia. And Lenin set a new government.

Summary

The Russia Empire undergone hardships, having economic difficulty, defeat from the war, and many factors wanted to abdicate the Throne. When the Tsar left to closer place, Tsar wife Alexandria and Rasputin put the government in a bad condition. Many people have go on strikes that this like the government, so it formed two government Petrograd Soviet, and Provisional government. Provisional government was getting more stronger and stronger Lenin want another revolution as the situation gets bad for peasant November Revolution happened and the Petrograd Soviet get in the control.

Question


 * 1) Why does the Tsar Nicholas left the government and leave it to his wife?
 * 2) What influence did Lenin gave to the Petrograd Soviets, and how does he influenced the second rebellion?
 * 3) Explains some difficulties that Russia have faced during 1914-1917?
 * 4) Before the November Revolution, what factors caused the Russia government to be so weak?
 * 5) April Theses are the aim of the Lenin, but it was not carried out first, why isn't it carried out?

Awesomeness



This is the chart that I created over this Part 2 of the textbook. This flow chart shows the event happens and the significance those event This character is Lenin who lead the Bosheviks during the 1917. He was the main character who wanted to rebellion and finally became the leader